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颜色模型与通道 - 版本历史
2026-10-17T03:49:37Z
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迷雾样式迁移：重写科普正文：定义、结构、原理与资料表
2026-10-14T10:14:45Z
<p>重写科普正文：定义、结构、原理与资料表</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上一版本</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">2026年10月14日 (三) 10:14的版本</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">第1行：</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">数字图像把颜色存成数值。RGB 用红、绿、蓝三个通道表示颜色；部分图像还有用于透明度的 Alpha 通道。颜色数值的解释仍受色彩空间、位深和显示处理影响。<ref>[https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/ImageData MDN《ImageData》，中文，像素通道数组]</ref></del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">数字图像用颜色模型描述像素。RGB 模型以红、绿、蓝三个分量表示颜色；灰度图只保存亮度或灰度分量；带透明度的图像还包含 alpha 通道。通道值的含义与取值范围取决于图像格式和色彩空间。</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">通道与色值 </del>==</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">常见通道 </ins>==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>在常见的 8 <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">位每通道图像中，<code>#FF0000</code> 表示红分量 255、绿和蓝分量 0；</del><code><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">#00FF00</code> 表示绿色。网页颜色语法可写成十六进制、<code>rgb</del>()</code> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">等形式，但 </del><code><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">RGB</del>(<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">255</del>,0,0)</code> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">与像素文件中实际编码还要结合色彩空间判断。<ref>[https://www.w3.org/TR/css-color-4/ W3C《CSS Color Module Level 4》，英文，颜色语法与空间]</ref></del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{| class="wikitable"</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 通道 !! 作用</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 与灰度、透明度的区别 ==</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">灰度是亮度或强度的表示，不是“把三个通道里只留一个”这一种固定算法。Alpha 影响合成时的可见程度；完全透明的像素仍可能在文件里保有 </del>RGB <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">数值。检查图像时应区分原文件像素与截图、缩放预览的结果。</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| R、G、B || 表示三种颜色分量。</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 相关条目 ==</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| Alpha || 表示像素不透明程度；不是第四种可见光颜色。</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[位平面与最低有效位]] · </del>[[颜色资料]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| 灰度 || 用单个数值表示从暗到亮的等级。</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|}</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>在常见的 8 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">位 sRGB 表示中，</ins><code>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">255, 0, 0</ins>)</code> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">为红色，</ins><code>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">0</ins>, 0, 0)</code> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">为黑色。像素数值与屏幕显示仍受色彩配置、伽马和设备影响。同一组 </ins>RGB <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">数值在不同色彩空间中不能无条件视为相同的物理颜色。参见 </ins>[[颜色资料]]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">。</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== 参考资料 ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== 参考资料 ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><references </del>/<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">></del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [https:</ins>/<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/ImageData MDN《ImageData》，中文，像素通道数组]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [https://www.w3.org/TR/css-color-4/ W3C《CSS Color Module Level 4》，英文，颜色语法与空间]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[工具和科普/图片与文件|返回图片与文件]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[工具和科普/图片与文件|返回图片与文件]]</div></td></tr>
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迷雾样式迁移
https://wiki.mistarg.cn/index.php?title=%E9%A2%9C%E8%89%B2%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E4%B8%8E%E9%80%9A%E9%81%93&diff=2297&oldid=prev
迷雾样式迁移：重排科普目录与分类页面；保留工具索引和学习资源
2026-10-14T09:36:52Z
<p>重排科普目录与分类页面；保留工具索引和学习资源</p>
<p><b>新页面</b></p><div>数字图像把颜色存成数值。RGB 用红、绿、蓝三个通道表示颜色；部分图像还有用于透明度的 Alpha 通道。颜色数值的解释仍受色彩空间、位深和显示处理影响。<ref>[https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/ImageData MDN《ImageData》，中文，像素通道数组]</ref><br />
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== 通道与色值 ==<br />
在常见的 8 位每通道图像中，<code>#FF0000</code> 表示红分量 255、绿和蓝分量 0；<code>#00FF00</code> 表示绿色。网页颜色语法可写成十六进制、<code>rgb()</code> 等形式，但 <code>RGB(255,0,0)</code> 与像素文件中实际编码还要结合色彩空间判断。<ref>[https://www.w3.org/TR/css-color-4/ W3C《CSS Color Module Level 4》，英文，颜色语法与空间]</ref><br />
<br />
== 与灰度、透明度的区别 ==<br />
灰度是亮度或强度的表示，不是“把三个通道里只留一个”这一种固定算法。Alpha 影响合成时的可见程度；完全透明的像素仍可能在文件里保有 RGB 数值。检查图像时应区分原文件像素与截图、缩放预览的结果。<br />
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== 相关条目 ==<br />
[[位平面与最低有效位]] · [[颜色资料]]<br />
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== 参考资料 ==<br />
<references /><br />
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[[工具和科普/图片与文件|返回图片与文件]]</div>
迷雾样式迁移