https://wiki.mistarg.cn/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F 压缩格式 - 版本历史 2026-10-16T23:54:56Z 本wiki上该页面的版本历史 MediaWiki 1.46.2 https://wiki.mistarg.cn/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F&diff=2325&oldid=prev 迷雾样式迁移：​重写科普正文：定义、结构、原理与资料表 2026-10-14T10:14:42Z <p>重写科普正文：定义、结构、原理与资料表</p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw-interface=""> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hans-CN"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上一版本</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">2026年10月14日 (三) 10:14的版本</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">第1行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第1行：</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">压缩格式可减少数据体积；归档格式则可把多个文件及路径装进一个容器。有些格式同时承担两者，例如 ZIP；&lt;code&gt;tar.gz&lt;/code&gt; 通常是先 tar 归档，再 gzip 压缩。&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_node/gzip.html GNU tar 手册《gzip》，英文]&lt;/ref&gt;</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">数据压缩用更紧凑的表示保存信息。无损压缩可完整恢复原字节；有损压缩允许丢弃部分信息。归档格式负责组织一个或多个文件，压缩算法负责缩小其中的数据，两个概念并不等同。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ZIP 中有什么 </del>==</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">常见文件形式 =</ins>=</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>ZIP <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">记录各文件的名称、压缩方法、大小、校验值等信息，并使用目录结构定位条目。列出文件名和真正解压文件是两步；看到列表不等于其中所有数据都能成功提取。ZIP 格式由 PKWARE 的 APPNOTE 说明。</del>&lt;<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ref</del>&gt;<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[https://pkware</del>.<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cachefly.net/webdocs/casestudies/APPNOTE</del>.<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">TXT PKWARE《ZIP APPNOTE》，英文，文件头与中央目录]</del>&lt;/<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ref</del>&gt;</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{| class</ins>=<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"wikitable"</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 形式 !! 结构</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 边界 ==</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">压缩后大小与展开后的大小不同；未知来源的压缩包可能包含异常路径或极大的展开数据。CRC 可检测意外损坏，但不能确认发布者身份。提取前保留原压缩包，并核对内部路径与实际输出。</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| ZIP || 归档容器，保存文件列表、文件数据、压缩方法与校验信息；条目也可不压缩。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 相关条目 ==</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| Gzip || 常用于压缩一条数据流，不提供 </ins>ZIP <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">式的多文件目录。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[文件类型与签名]] · [[校验与摘要]]</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| TAR || 把多个文件汇集成归档，本身不规定压缩；</ins>&lt;<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">code</ins>&gt;.<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tar</ins>.<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">gz</ins>&lt;/<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">code</ins>&gt; <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">是 TAR 再经 Gzip 压缩。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|}</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">压缩比受原数据的重复程度和算法影响。已经压缩过的图像或音频不一定能再次显著缩小。归档条目的名称、编码和时间戳属于容器元数据，不是压缩算法的输出内容。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== 参考资料 ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== 参考资料 ==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">&lt;references </del>/<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">&gt;</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [https:</ins>/<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_node/gzip.html GNU tar 手册《gzip》，英文]</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [https://pkware.cachefly.net/webdocs/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT PKWARE《ZIP APPNOTE》，英文，文件头与中央目录]</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/tar.html GNU tar 手册，英文，归档与压缩]</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[工具和科普/图片与文件|返回图片与文件]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[工具和科普/图片与文件|返回图片与文件]]</div></td></tr> </table> 迷雾样式迁移 https://wiki.mistarg.cn/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F&diff=2264&oldid=prev 迷雾样式迁移：​重排科普目录与分类页面；保留工具索引和学习资源 2026-10-14T09:36:50Z <p>重排科普目录与分类页面；保留工具索引和学习资源</p> <p><b>新页面</b></p><div>压缩格式可减少数据体积；归档格式则可把多个文件及路径装进一个容器。有些格式同时承担两者，例如 ZIP；&lt;code&gt;tar.gz&lt;/code&gt; 通常是先 tar 归档，再 gzip 压缩。&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_node/gzip.html GNU tar 手册《gzip》，英文]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == ZIP 中有什么 ==<br /> ZIP 记录各文件的名称、压缩方法、大小、校验值等信息，并使用目录结构定位条目。列出文件名和真正解压文件是两步；看到列表不等于其中所有数据都能成功提取。ZIP 格式由 PKWARE 的 APPNOTE 说明。&lt;ref&gt;[https://pkware.cachefly.net/webdocs/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT PKWARE《ZIP APPNOTE》，英文，文件头与中央目录]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == 边界 ==<br /> 压缩后大小与展开后的大小不同；未知来源的压缩包可能包含异常路径或极大的展开数据。CRC 可检测意外损坏，但不能确认发布者身份。提取前保留原压缩包，并核对内部路径与实际输出。<br /> <br /> == 相关条目 ==<br /> [[文件类型与签名]] · [[校验与摘要]]<br /> <br /> == 参考资料 ==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> [[工具和科普/图片与文件|返回图片与文件]]</div> 迷雾样式迁移